Lithium ions ni gaw charge hte discharge galaw ai shaloi battery electrode kata de shang pru wa ai shaloi, oxygen loi mi shang wa nna, battery a n-gun - gaw, - gaw dai hte maren sha kaji ai daw hpe n-gun jaw ya ai hpe shadawn ai. Dai sum mat ai lam ni gaw aten ladaw ni na wa ai hte maren, hpang jahtum e battery a n-gun hpe shinggyin la lu ai atsam hpe 10-15% hte sap galaw lu ai.
Ya gaw sawk sagawn ai ni gaw ndai super{0}slow process hpe n mu yu ai lam ni hte shadawn yu sai, dai gaw oxygen atom ni kaw na lawt pru wa ai hka htung ni, shing nrai, n-gun n rawng ai lam ni hpe gara hku nna electrode a structure hte chemistry hpe galai shai kau nna, kade daram n-gun hpe shinggyin tawn da lu ai hpe loi loi hte shayawm kau sai.
Ndai lam hte seng nna hpaji ninghkring ni galaw ai sawn la ai lam nkau mi hpe mahtai ni gaw ninghkap nna, dai hpe pat shingdang na matu engineering electrode ni a ladat nnan ni hpe hpaji jaw mai ai.
Energy a SLAC Mungdan a Mungdan Hkringmang Dap hte Stanford Dakkasu kaw na sawk sagawn hpung ni gaw, shanhte a bungli hpe dai ni na aten hta tsun dan ma ai.
"Anhte gaw grai kaji ai oxygen hpe shadawn lu ai, galoi mung grai lawan ai hku, n-gun law law hpe shadawn lu ai," nga nna, Associate Professor Will Chueh hte rau chyam dinglik ai lam ni hpe galaw ai Stanford PhD jawngma Peter Csernica tsun ai. "Dai daram n-gun n rawng ai lam gaw, dai hpe mung chye na na matu yak hkak shangun ai."
Langai- lam hpe shinggrup da ai tingnyang
Lithium-ion battery ni gaw, aten kadun laman charge hpe tawn da ai electrode lahkawng a lapran hta lithium ion ni hpe shingdu de shingdu de shamu shamawt nga ai zawn bungli galaw ai. Kaja dik htum gaw, dai ions ni gaw, electrode langai hpra hpe hpaw shabawn da ai, wan hku law ai nanoparticles ni hta shang pru wa ai lam ni sha rai nga ai. Raitim, sawk sagawn ai ni gaw, lithium gaw shingdu de shamu shamawt wa ai shaloi, n-gun n-gun ni kaw na oxygen atom ni pru wa ai hpe aten loi mi na sai. Ndai leaks ni kaw na signal ni gaw grai kaji ai majaw, hkrak shadawn na matu grai yak ai majaw, details ni hpe pin down galaw na matu yak ai.
"Oxygen lwi pru wa ai yawng, battery charge galaw ai 500 lang jan, 6% daram rai nga ai," nga nna Csernica tsun ai. "Dai gaw dai daram n law ai, raitim, cycle langai hte langai hta pru wa ai oxygen kade daram nga ai hpe shadawn na matu shakut ai rai yang, tsa lam shadang langai mi a matu langai mi daram sha rai nga ai."
Ndai sawk sagawn ai hta, sawk sagawn ai ni gaw, hka lim ai lam hpe n hkrak ai hku shadawn ai, oxygen sum ai lam gaw, n-gun n rawng ai lam ni a chemistry hte hkrang hpe gara hku galai shai shangun ai hpe yu nna, shadawn ai. Shanhte gaw, dai lam hpe galu kaba ai lam law law hta hkan tam ma ai - gaw, nanoparticles kaw nna nanoparticles ni kaw nna, nanoparticles ni a n-gup magap ni du hkra, electrode langai a hkum tsup ai n-gup magap du hkra, hkan tam ma ai.
Hpa majaw nga yang, oxygen atom ni gaw, battery ni bungli galaw ai shara ni hta, ngang kang ai arung arai ni hta hkawm sa na matu grai yak ai majaw, htunghking hpaji gaw, nanoparticles ni a ntsa kaw nna sha pru wa ai, dai gaw, ndai lam gaw, bawngban na matu rawt jat wa ai raitim, nanoparticles ni a ntsa kaw nna sha pru wa ai.
Hpa byin nga ai hpe grau nna yu na matu, sawk sagawn hpung gaw aten n bung ai hku battery ni hpe shinggrup nna, shanhte hpe garan nna, Lawrence Berkeley Mungdan Laboratory a Advanced Light Source hta, electrode nanoparticles ni hpe hkrak tup sawk sagawn na matu, garan la ai. Dai kaw, laksan X{1}ray microscope langai mi gaw, sample ni hpe lai di nna, tsaw ai-res tsaw ai sumla ni hpe galaw nna, shara kaji langai hpra a chemical makeup hpe sawk sagawn ai. Ndai shiga hpe meter langai a wan hku nna shadawn ai nanoscale details ni hpe madun dan na matu, PMcography ngu ai computational ladat hte hpawn galaw ai.
Dai aten hta, SLAC a Stanford Synchrotron Light Source hta, hpung gaw X{0}}ray hpe electrode ting hku nna gap ai shaloi, shanhte nanoscale madang hta shanhte mu nga ai lam ni mung grau kaba ai madang hta teng ai hpe kam na matu re.
A burst, dai hpang trickle langai mi
Oxygen sum mat ai lam hpe computer model ni hte shingdaw yu yang, hpung gaw, n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun yawm mat ai, dai hpang, kata kaw nna grai lawan ai hka htung langai mi pru wa ai ngu dawdan ma ai. Nanoparticles ni gaw grau kaba ai n-gup magap ni hpe hpaw na matu hpawng de ai shara hta, n-gup magap a lapran makau na ni gaw, npu makau na ni hta oxygen n law ai.
Kaga ahkyak ai ga san langai mi gaw, Chueh tsun ai hta, shanhte tawn da ai arung arai ni hpe gara hku hkra machyi shangun ai lam re, nga nna Chueh tsun ai. "Dai gaw teng sha mau hpa kaba langai mi re" nga nna tsun ai. "Nanoparticles ni hta atom ni gaw makau grup yin-}} ni zawn re ai hpe myit yu ga. Oxygen atom ni hpe matut nna shapraw dat yang, yawng hkra hkrat sum mat nna, n-gun yawm mat chye ai, hpa majaw nga yang, dai nta gaw grai ni htep hkra shinggrup da ai hpe ra sharawng ai majaw re."
Ndai electrode a hkrang hpe hkrak n mai sumla hkrung galaw lu ai majaw, hpaji ninghkring ni gaw kaga chyam dinglik ai lam amyu myu hpe oxygen sum ai lam amyu myu a computer hkrang ni hte bai shingdaw yu ma ai. Dai mahtai ni gaw, n-gun n rawng ai lam ni gaw matut manoi nga ai hpe madun dan ai - gaw, n-gun n yawm mat nna, - n-gun yawm mat nna, battery a loi loi hte hkrat sum wa ai hpe gara hku karum ya ai hpe tsun dan ai.
"Nogen pru wa ai shaloi, manganese, nickel hte cobalt atom ni gaw htawt sit wa ai. Atom yawng gaw shanhte ra sharawng ai shara kaw na ka manawt nga ma ai," nga nna Chueh tsun ai. "Ndai n-gun n nga mat ai majaw byin pru wa ai chemical galai shai ai lam ni hte rau, n-gun n rawng ai ni hpe bai gram lajang ai lam gaw, aten na wa ai hte maren, battery a voltage hte efficiency hpe jahten kau ya ai. Masha ni gaw ndai mabyin masa hpe aten galu chye wa sai, raitim, dai ladat gaw n chye na shi ai."
Ya, shi tsun ai gaw, "anhte hta ndai hpaji masa, npu npawt nhpang-up chye na ai lam" ndai ahkyak ai battery hpe jahten kau ai lam hpe chye na ai lam nga ai, dai gaw oxygen sum ai lam hpe shayawm ya lu ai ladat nnan ni hte shi a hkra machyi ai lam ni hpe shayawm ya lu ai.
