Lithium-ion battery gaw, n-gun n-gun n-rawng ai electrode hte n-kaja ai electrode lapran na lithium ions ni a shamu shamawt ai lam hpe madung tawn nna, bungli galaw na matu, lahkawng ngu na battery (recharge battery) rai nga ai. Charge hte discharge galaw ai aten hta, Li+ gaw, electrode lahkawng a lapran e, n-gun rawng ai hte de{3}}embedddeddedded rai nga ai: charge galaw ai shaloi, Li+ gaw, electrolyte hku nna negative electrode hta rawng ai, n-gun n rawng ai electrode hta bang da ai, n-gun n-gun n-nga ai, n-gun n-gun n-nga ai shara hta nga ai, lithium{{6}rich state; dai hte nhtan shai ai lam gaw, n-gup n-gu n-gun yawm ai aten hta teng ai.
PART 1 Battery ni hpe hpaw tsun dan ai
Lithium battery ni hpe lithium battery hte lithium-ion hku garan nna lang ai. Mobile phone hte laptop ni hta lithium-ion battery ni hpe lang nna, dai ni hpe lithium battery ngu nna shamying ma ai. Battery ni gaw, lithium elements lawm ai arung arai ni hpe electrode hku nna lang nna, dai ni na aten na tsaw ai{4}}}} n-gun dat ni a malai rai nga ai. Raitim, tengman ai lithium battery ni hpe shani shagu na electronic arung arai ni hta n law htum lang ai majaw, shanhte a hkrit tsang hpa grai law ai.
Lithium-ion battery ni hpe 1990 ning hta Japan mungdan na Sony Corporation kaw nna shawng nnan galaw shapraw ai rai nna, lithium ions hpe carbon (petroleum coke hte graphite) de bang da ai majaw, n kaja ai electrode (htunghking lithium battery ni hpe n kaja ai electrode hku nna lithium (sh) lithium alloy hpe lang ai). LixCoO2 hpe kaja ai electrode arung arai hku nna lang ai, LixNiO2 hte LixMnO4 hpe mung lang ai. LiPF{7}}} myit masin carbonate (EC)+dimethyl (DMC) hpe electrolyte hku lang ai.
Petroleum coke hte graphite ni gaw non{0}}}}}}elxic ni rai nna, n kaja ai electrode arung arai ni hku nna sut masa lam ni hta law law nga ai. Lithium ions ni gaw carbon hta rawng nga ai, dai gaw lithium a bungli kaba hpe tawt lai lu nna, htunghking lithium battery ni a shimlam manghkang ni hpe hparan ya lu ai. Positive electrode LixCoO2 gaw, manu jahpu hte n-gun dat ai lam hte asak hkrung lam hta madang tsaw ai hpe lu la mai ai majaw, manu jahpu hpe shayawm ya lu ai. Tsun ga nga yang, lithium-ion battery ni a hkum tsup ai bungli hpe grau kaja hkra galaw ai. Lithium-ion battery ni gaw tsaban 21 hta gat lawk kaba hpe zing la na hpe myit mada da ai.
Lithium-ion secondary battery ni hpe charge galaw na matu hte garan kau na matu galaw ai n-gun jaw ai ladat gaw: Sumla .
PART 2 Battery shai hkat ai lam
Lithium-ion battery ni hpe lawu na battery lahkawng hte loi loi hte kayau kaya galaw da ai
Lithium battery ni: n kaja ai electrode hku nna metallic lithium hpe lang ai.
Lithium-ion battery ni: non{1}} n-gun rawng ai hka n-gun rawng ai n-gun rawng ai electrolytes ni hpe lang ai.
Lithium-ion polymer battery ni: polymer ni hpe hka n-gun rawng ai hka n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun ni hpe lang nna, shing nrai,-}solid electrolytes yawng hpe hkrak lang ai. Lithium-}ion battery ni gaw, graphite carbon arung arai ni hpe n kaja ai electrode hku nna lang ma ai.
PART3 Madung amyu myu
Lithium-ion hta lang ai n bung ai electrolyte arung arai ni hte maren, lithium-ion battery ni hpe liqui Lithium- PLB ngu nna tsun ai Battery).
3.1 Liquid lithium-on battery ni
Rechargeable lithium-ion battery ni gaw, dai ni na aten na digital arung arai ni hta, mobile phone hte laptop zawn re ai, grau nna jai lang ai battery ni rai nga ai. Dai majaw, manu dan ai battery ni n hkrat sum hkra makawp maga ai arung arai ni (sh) makawp maga ai circuit ni nga ai. Lithium-ion battery charge grai law ai. ±1% laman hta, jahkring kau ai voltage hkrak ai lam hpe kam na matu, semiconductor jak kaba ni hpe galaw shapraw ai ni gaw, shim lum ai, kam mai ai hte lawan ai hku charge galaw lu na matu, lithium-ion battery charge galaw ai IC ni hpe gyin shalat da sai.
Madung mobile phone ni hta lithium-ion battery ni lawm ai. Lithium{-ion battery ni hpe hkrak jai lang ai lam gaw battery prat hpe jat ya na matu grai ahkyak nga ai. Dai hpe n bung ai electronic arung arai ni a ra kadawn ai lam ni hte maren, n-gun n rawng ai rectangular, cylindrical, rectangular hte button{4}shap ni hku nna galaw mai ai, battery law law hpe series hku nna, parallel hku matut da ai battery pack ni nga ai. Lithium-}ion a masat da ai voltage gaw, arung arai ni galai shai ai majaw, 3.7V hku nna, lithium iron phosphate kaja ai electrode ni a 3.2V rai nga ai. Hpang jahtum na charge voltage gaw charge hpring ai shaloi 4.2V rai nna, lithium iron phosphate gaw 3.65V rai nga ai. Lithium-ion battery ni a hpang jahtum na pru wa ai n-gun gaw 2.75V kaw nna 3.0V du hkra rai nga ai ( battery galaw ai jak rung gaw bungli galaw ai voltage range (sh) hpang jahtum na hka lim ai voltage hpe jaw ai, parameters ni gaw loi mi shai ai, madung hku nna 3.0V, iron phosphate a iron phosphate gaw 2.5V re). 2.5V npu de matut nna pru wa ai (lithium iron phosphate a matu 2.0V) hpe n-gun jaw ai.
Lithium-ion gaw lithium cobalt oxide amyu myu lawm ai battery ni hpe positive electrode ni gaw n-gun kaba ai- hpe n-gun dat dat na matu n htap htuk ai majaw re. Ya aten hta grai law hkra shapraw ai hka pru ai lam gaw, hka pru ai aten hpe shayawm kau ya nna, kata na nbung katsi ai lam grau law wa na rai nna, n-gun n-gun yawm mat na re), hkrit tsang hpa byin chye ai; Raitim, lithium battery ni hpe lithium iron phosphate kaja ai electrode arung arai ni hpe charge galaw nna, 20C tsaw ai (sh) grau kaba ai (C gaw C{4}mAh zawn re ai battery a atsam re, 1C charge rate gaw 800mA re ai lachyum re), dai gaw wan jak mawdaw ni a matu grau nna htuk manu ai. Dai majaw, battery galaw ai wa gaw, lang ai shaloi, n-gun kaba dik htum hta n-gun n law ra ai, grau law ai discharge current hpe jaw ai. Lithium-ion battery ni hta nbung katsi ai lam nkau mi nga ai. Dai jak rung gaw charge n-gun, hka n-gun n-gun hte n-gun n-gun n-gun hpe jaw ya ai. Overvoltage charge galaw ai gaw lithium-ion battery ni hpe prat tup hkra machyi shangun na re. Lithium-ion battery ni a charge galaw ai n-gun hpe battery galaw ai wa a hpaji jaw ai lam ni hpe madung tawn nna galaw ra ai, ya aten na shadawn sharam circuit hpe grai n-gun n-ja hkra koi gam na matu ra ai (overheating). Masha law malawng lang ai charge rate gaw 0.25C~1C re. Current kaba hte charge galaw ai shaloi, battery hpe grai n hkra hkra, battery hpe grai katsi shangun ai (sh) bawm kapaw ai lam byin shangun ai hpe pat shingdang na matu law law lang mu lu ai.
Lithium-ion battery charge galaw ai lam hpe lahkam lahkawng hku garan nna, n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun hpe shawng nnan lang lang nna, jahkring kau ai voltage de du wa ai shaloi, n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun hpe galai shai ai. Ga shadawn, 800mAh n-gun rawng ai battery langai gaw 4.2V voltage hpe jahkring kau ai. Battery hpe 800mA (charging rate gaw 1C) n galai shai ai sha charge galaw da ai. Shawng nnan hta gaw, n-gun kaba ai hte battery voltage jat wa ai. Battery voltage gaw 4.2V hte ni nga ai shaloi, 4.2V constant voltage charge de galai kau ai, ya aten gaw loi loi hte yawm wa nna, voltage mung grai n galai shai ai. 1/10-50C de charge galaw ai shaloi, charge galaw ai shaloi ( factory langai hte langai a setting value gaw n bung ai hte jai lang ai lam hpe n hkra ai), dai hpe hpring tsup ai hte ni dik ai ngu sawn la nna, charge galaw ai lam hpe jahkring kau mai ai (shan nkau mi gaw 1/10C ngut ai hpang timer hpe hpang nna, aten ladaw langai mi na ai hpang charge hpe jahtum kau ai).
3.2 N-gun n rawng ai lithium-ion battery
2023 ning April shata 19 ya shani hta, CATL gaw 2023 ning laman mass shapraw lu ai atsam nga ai 500Wh/kg du hkra n-gun atsam hte n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun hte hpawng de da ai battery hpe shapraw dat sai.
PART 4 Bungli galaw ai lam
Lithium-ion battery ni gaw, n kaja ai electrode ni hte lithium- hpe kaja ai electrode hku nna lang ai. Metallic lithium n nga ai, lithium ion sha nga ai. Ndai gaw lithium-ion battery re. Lithium-}ion ngu ai gaw, lithium ion hta rawng ai n-gun rawng ai n-gun rawng ai n-gun rawng ai n-gun rawng ai n-gun rawng ai n-gun rawng ai n-gun rawng ai arung arai ni hpe lang ai, madung ga si hpe tsun mayu ai. Lithium-ion battery ni a charge hte discharge galaw ai lam gaw lithium ion hpe bang nna de{9}}embedding galaw ai lam rai nga ai. Lithium ions ni hpe n-gun jaw ai hte de{11}}embedding galaw ai shaloi, lithium ions ni hpe maren sha re ai electron ni hpe n-gun jaw ai lam ni hpe mung hkan nang hkan sa ai (dai gaw n-gun jaw ai lam hpe madi madun ai, n kaja ai electrode hpe madi madun na matu, n-gun jaw ai lam (sh) de{13}}embedding galaw ai gaw htung tara nga ai. Charging hte discharging galaw ai lam hta, lithium ions ni hpe bang nna, kaja ai hte n kaja ai electrode ni a lapran hta, "rocking chair battery" ngu ai hpe asan sha tsun ai, kaja ai hte n kaja ai electrode ni a lapran hta, nhtang bang/de{17}}inerted hpe bang da ai.
Battery hpe charge galaw ai shaloi, lithium ions ni hpe battery a positive electrode ntsa kaw na shapraw nna, byin pru wa ai lithium ions ni gaw electrolyte hku nna n kaja ai electrode de htawt sit mat wa ai. Carbon gaw negative electrode hku nna layered structure nga ai rai nna, micropores law law nga ai. N kaja ai electrode de du ai lithium ions ni gaw carbon layer a micropores ni hta rawng nga ai. Lithium ions ni grau law wa yang, charge galaw lu ai atsam grau law wa ai. Dai hte maren, battery hpe shapraw kau ai shaloi (dai gaw, battery lang ai ladat), negative electrode a carbon layer hta rawng ai lithium ions ni hpe shapraw nna, positive electrode de bai htawt sit mat wa ai. Positive electrode de bai nhtang wa ai lithium ions ni law wa yang, n-gun yawm wa ai.
Sumla
Madung hku nna, lithium battery ni a charge current hpe 0.2C hte 1C lapran kaw tawn da ai. Current kaba wa yang, charge law ai, battery a katsi ai grau kaba wa ai. Grau nna, current gaw grai kaba ai rai yang, n-gun n rawng na re, hpa majaw nga yang, battery kata na electrochemical reaction gaw aten la ra ai. Beer hpe ru bang ai zawn, nang grai lawan ai hku ru yang, foam hpe shapraw nna n hpring tsup na re.
PART5 Components
Steel shell/aluminum shell/cyfit/soft packaging series ni
Positive electrode: Dai n-gun rawng ai arung arai ni gaw, lithium manganese oxide (sh) lithium cobalt oxide, nickel manganese oxide arung arai ni, wan jak mawdaw ni gaw, nickel hkaulan mam oxide (n-gup n-ga ngu nna shamying ai) shing nrai, ternary + lithium manganese oxide loi mi hpe lang ai. Pure lithium mangane hte lithium iron phosphate ni gaw kaba ai, bungli n kaja ai (sh) manu kaba ai majaw loi loi hte htum mat wa nga ai. Conductive current mahkawng da ai wa gaw, 10-20 microns galu ai electrolytic aluminum foil hpe lang ai.
Diaphragm: Lithium ions ni hpe lawt lu ai hku lai wa lu ai, raitim electron ni n lu lai mat hkra, laksan galaw da ai polymer film langai mi hpe laksan galaw da ai.
Negative electrode: Active material gaw graphite, shing nrai carbon hpe graphite- zawn re ai hkrang hte carbon rai nna, conductive current mahkawng da ai wa gaw 7-15 micron galu ai electrolytic copper foil hpe lang ai.
Electrolyte: Lithum hexaphosposphate hte hka ja ai carbonate hka htung langai mi, polymer ni a matu gel electrolyte hte hka lim mat ai.
Battery shell: n-gang n-gang (square type hpe n law htum lang ai), aluminum n-gun, nickel-ploted iron shell (cylindrical battery ni a matu lang ai), aluminum-plastic film (soft packaging), etc., etc., hte battery a n-gun n-gun hpe mung n-gun jaw ai.
